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How to export goods

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

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How to export goods

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

Before joining SME Shipping, I worked as a logistics employee for a private company that was expanding into new international markets. The management assigned me the responsibility of managing the entire export process to ensure that our goods were shipped smoothly, safely, and on time across the sea.

Previously, I had handled some domestic transportation, but when I moved into "international export" more seriously, I found that there were more details to manage than I initially thought, such as... Customs documents Coordination with Shipping company This article outlines the procedures involved at both the domestic and destination markets, including cost calculations, to ensure a company's sustainable competitiveness in the global market. It's written from my personal experience and aims to be useful to readers who are also newly responsible for export operations.

1. Understand the product and the target market.

1.1 Analyze the product.

The first thing I learned was that we need to clearly understand our product – its characteristics, whether it requires special care or packaging. Some types of products, such as fresh food, perishable products, or certain chemicals, may require… Freight transportation techniques Specialized requirements include conditions regarding temperature, humidity, and safe packaging standards.

  • Product CategoryFresh food, machinery, clothing, or electronic goods will have different export restrictions and conditions.
  • Quantity and weightIf you're shipping a large quantity of heavy goods, choosing a Full Container Load (FCL) container might be more cost-effective. However, for smaller quantities, Less than Container Load (LCL) can be a worthwhile option.
  • Value of the goodsThe higher the value of the product, the more we may need to consider certain factors. Cargo insurance Cargo insurance is a special insurance to protect against damage during transportation.

1.2 End Market

  • Regulations of the importing country.You need to check the taxes, customs policies, or product safety standards, as these may differ significantly from those in Thailand.
  • Import tariff ratesSome countries may have relatively high import tariffs. If our products are not included in a free trade agreement (FTA), this could increase the final price consumers pay, making it difficult to compete.
  • Consumer behaviorIt's essential to understand what kind of products customers in the destination country want in order to set appropriate prices and develop marketing strategies.

A thorough understanding of our products, including the conditions of the end market, will help us plan our export strategies correctly and reduce future risks.

2. Internal company preparations.

2.1 Coordinate with the production and warehouse departments.

Exporting goods is not the responsibility of the logistics department alone, but requires collaboration among many departments within the company, especially production and warehousing.

  • Production DepartmentIt is necessary to know what products need to be produced and in what quantities, in order to prepare raw materials and control quality to meet customer requirements and export standards.
  • Warehouse DepartmentGoods must be stored properly, an efficient inventory rotation system (e.g., FIFO) should be used, and stock information should be provided to the logistics department for accurate delivery time calculations.

Clear communication between departments helps us know when to start the shipping process and address any limitations promptly.

2.2 Plan the export schedule.

Once I have the quantity and the shipment is ready, I will check it. Ship schedule (Sailing Schedule) Shipping company Various options are available to choose the most suitable shipping schedule. If you need to ship goods continuously on a monthly basis, you may consider agreeing to a long-term contract to obtain a more favorable freight rate.

3. Study customs documents and procedures.

The key to "how to export goods" is managing the... Customs documents Accurate handling is crucial; errors or delays could result in goods being stuck at the port and incurring unnecessarily high costs.

  • Commercial InvoiceThe document specifies seller and buyer information, product details, price, and payment terms.
  • Packing ListSpecify packaging information such as the number of boxes, weight, and size of the pallet or container.
  • Export LicenseIf the product requires special permission, such as agricultural products, hazardous materials, or medical products.
  • Certificate of OriginIn the event that our products may receive preferential tariff treatment in certain countries, if there is an FTA agreement.

Customs Clearance

In Thailand, it is now possible to submit documents electronically, significantly reducing paper-based processes. However, careful attention must still be paid to filling in information, such as ensuring the HS Code is correct for the product type, to avoid problems later.

4. Choose a shipping company.

When choosing a transportation service provider, I recommend considering several factors, including: Ship schedule (Schedule) Service costs (freight + port fees) including service quality.

  • Price comparisonRequest quotations from multiple providers to see who offers the best price and has a schedule that matches your needs.
  • Reputation and reviewsIf you have friends or acquaintances in this field, try asking them about their experience using the service beforehand to help you make a decision more easily.
  • Freight ForwarderAnother option is to use a freight forwarder who can help you plan and manage the entire process of shipping. While there may be additional service fees, it can save time and reduce risk significantly.

5. Container packing and selection.

5.1 Packing

  • Choose sturdy packaging materials and boxes to protect against moisture and impact during transport.
  • Clearly label and display warning symbols, such as "Fragile" or "Items that must be placed in a specific direction."
  • For temperature-sensitive products (such as frozen food), ensure that you use a reefer container with an appropriate temperature control system.

5.2 Types of Containers

  1. Dry ContainerFor general dry goods.
  2. Reefer ContainerFor chilled, frozen, or temperature-controlled goods.
  3. Open Top / Flat RackFor items that exceed the dimensions of a standard cabinet door.
  4. FCL vs. LCLIf a container is full or nearly full, FCL (Full Container Load) should be used to prevent mixing with other goods. However, for smaller quantities, LCL (Less Than Container Load) may be a better option to save costs.

6. Export taxes and fees.

When exporting goods internationally, it's essential to understand all aspects of the costs, including taxes and other fees, in order to plan expenses accurately.

  • Freight chargesThe cost is calculated per cubic meter (CBM) or by weight, depending on the type of goods, or it may be calculated per full container load (FCL).
  • THC (Terminal Handling Charge)Port service fees, such as container handling fees and port management fees.
  • Various documentsFor example, fees for issuing invoices and fees for filing export declarations.
  • Export taxThailand may impose export taxes on some types of goods (but it is not widespread).
  • Import tax at destinationIf the terms of sale state that we are responsible for Delivered Duty Paid (DDP), we must include this tax in the pricing structure.

7. Incoterms and Cargo Insurance

7.1 Incoterms

Incoterms are international agreements that specify which costs and risks the seller and buyer are responsible for. For example:

  • FOB (Free on Board)The seller is responsible until the goods are loaded onto the ship at the port of origin. After that, the buyer is responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)The seller covers shipping costs and insurance up to the destination port, but the remaining risk during transit rests with the buyer.
  • DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)The seller is responsible for everything until the goods reach the buyer's doorstep (including import taxes at destination).

7.2 Cargo Insurance

In some cases, insurance may not be mandatory, but if the goods are high-value or high-risk, such as fragile or perishable items, it's advisable to have insurance to mitigate risk.

  • All RisksCovers all damages except those specified as exclusions (e.g., war or intentional destruction).
  • Institute Cargo Clauses (A, B, C)Each option offers different levels of protection. You should choose the one that best suits the type of goods and the route you are taking.

8. Actual implementation steps.

8.1 Book the container and confirm the delivery date.

Once production and warehousing are ready, I will contact the transportation provider (or freight forwarder) to book containers, specifying the date and time for the container trucks to pick up the goods. If it's an FCL (Full Container Load), I will schedule it in advance to ensure a smooth container loading process.

8.2 Inspect the condition of the container.

Before packing the goods, thoroughly inspect the interior of the container, checking for leaks or unpleasant odors. If any problems are found, immediately notify the shipping company to replace the container.

8.3 Packaging (Stuffing)

This step requires strict control over how goods are placed in the container to prevent damage. Heavy items should be distributed evenly throughout the area, and measures should be taken to prevent them from easily moving during transport.

8.4 Cabinet Seal

After packing is complete, the container will be sealed for security. Upon arrival at the destination, the consignee will re-check the seal to ensure it matches the documents.

9. Track the status during shipping.

Once the goods have begun transiting the ship, I will track their status via the shipping line's tracking system, which is usually available on their website or API. If there are delays due to weather conditions or port congestion, the overseas buyer should be notified promptly so they can make preparations.

10. Clear the goods at the destination.

If the Incoterms specify that the buyer handles the customs procedures at the destination (e.g., FOB or CIF), our primary responsibility is reduced. However, with DDP, we may need to contact local authorities to assist with clearing the goods, paying import duties, and delivering the goods to the recipient. This should be planned in conjunction with an experienced freight forwarder or local agent.

11. Evaluate and improve.

After the goods reach overseas customers, I usually do a "Post-shipment Review" to summarize...

  1. Actual expenses How does this compare to the budget?
  2. Shipping time Did it meet the customer's expectations?
  3. problem Encounters along the way include delayed documents, damaged goods, etc.

After evaluating the situation, I will discuss it with my internal team to develop solutions for the next time, whether it's selecting a new shipping line, changing packaging, or improving operational systems.

12. Tips from a beginner's perspective.

  1. Create checklists.It compiles all the steps, from preparing goods and customs documents to tracking the ship, helping prevent forgetting minor tasks.
  2. Communicate clearly internally.Everyone in the company must understand their role to prevent any omissions or inaccuracies in the information.
  3. Always study the regulations.Customs procedures and taxes vary from country to country. It's advisable to stay informed about logistics news, such as on the websites of the Customs Department or the Department of International Trade Promotion.
  4. Expand the network.Getting to know people in other fields or experts can help us gain useful and up-to-date knowledge or advice.
  5. NegotiateIf our company has consistent export volumes, we may be able to negotiate shipping discounts or obtain better offers than smaller exporters.

Summary

Care How to export goods Using shipping routes might seem complicated and detailed for newcomers, but once I actually started doing it and worked systematically with the relevant teams, I found that the key was... Planning and Prudence Every step of the process, from reviewing documents and completing customs procedures to selecting the right shipping company, until the goods safely reach the buyer.

If we do this well, it will not only help the company save costs and enhance its image in international markets, but it will also build customer confidence, demonstrating that we are truly "ready" and "professional" in international exporting. For those just starting out in this field, I encourage you to try applying the guidelines and tips I've shared. I guarantee that exporting goods by sea won't be too difficult and will open doors to new opportunities in the global trade arena!

For international freight forwarding consultations, contact SME Shipping at 02 105 7777 or Line: @Shipping.

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